Eastern redcedar is found in all states east of the Great Plains, from southern Canada to Florida and west into Texas. It is primarily located in low mountains and Piedmont regions.

This species can grow in a variety of soil types, but prefers moist, well-drained soils with a limestone base. It is most common in sunny, upland woods, or moist hammocks. It also is found in dry, shallow, rocky areas, such as old fields and ridges.